Midori at the ‘Children of the Gulf War’ photo exhibition UK tour writing.
Dr Douglas Rokke who is a former US Army nuclear health physicist is in
Australia for speech tour invited by the groupe who has organised the
‘Children of the Gulf War’ photo exhibition in Australia.
Dr Rokke said Iraqi women and children and American and Iraqi military
personnel had reported respiratory illnesses and rashes after the recent
conflict, and he had also been told of Australian servicemen and women with
similar symptoms.
Here is news from the ‘ Sydney Morning Herald’ on 23rd of June 2003. The
interview with Dr Douglas Rokke at the Al Jazeera radio is following after
that. It is quite long, but it has value to read I believe.
If you don’t want the news mails from me, please let me know. I will remove
your email address from my mailing list.
Thank you,
Midori
—
Midori Fujisawa
the ‘Children of the Gulf War’ photo exhibition UK tour
http://www.chimerafilms.co.uk/children.html
midori@dircon.co.uk
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(Please spread it!)
1) Troops show uranium sickness signs, claims expert
June 23 2003 Sydney Morning Herald
2) Depleted uranium will affect Iraq for generations to come
Wednesday April 15 2003 Al Jazeera
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1) Troops show uranium sickness signs, claims expert
AAP
June 23 2003 Sydney Morning Herald
http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/06/23/1056220529069.html
Australian servicemen and women who served in the recent Iraq war were
reporting symptoms of uranium sickness, a United States nuclear weapons
expert said today.
Dr Douglas Rokke is a former US Army nuclear health physicist and was
formerly the Pentagon’s expert on the health effects of depleted uranium
ammunition.
Speaking in Melbourne today, Dr Rokke said Iraqi women and children and
American and Iraqi military personnel had reported respiratory illnesses and
rashes after the recent conflict, and he had also been told of Australian
servicemen and women with similar symptoms.
“That’s the reports I received from the US Army medical department. That’s
something that needs to be verified and looked into,” he said.
“When American soldiers are sick and the Iraqis are sick there’s nothing
that says an Australian soldier is going to be isolated when he goes through
those areas and he is not going to become ill.
During operation Desert Storm in 1991 Dr Rokke led a team assigned to clean
up uranium contamination caused by friendly fire.
“What we saw can be described in only three words – Oh my God! The wounds
were horrible, the contamination was extensive,” he said.
“Although myself and my team members wore respiratory and skin protection,
that protection we know today does not provide any adequate protection
against the inhalation, the ingestion, the absorption of uranium compounds.”
He said he now suffered rashes, respiratory problems, kidney problems and
cataracts related to his exposure to uranium.
Dr Rokke is in Australia to speak against the use of depleted uranium
weapons, which he describes as a crime against humanity, creating a
toxicological nightmare.
He is campaigning for the outlawing of depleted uranium munitions, medical
care for those who have been exposed to uranium and a clean-up of exposed
environments.
He will speak at public meetings and meet government officials and returned
service groups while in Australia.
“What I have learned from my work is that uranium munitions must be banned,”
Dr Rokke said.
“When we can no longer clean up the environment and we can no longer provide
medical care for anybody that’s exposed, then that weapon must never be used
in conflict.”
Jacob Grech, of the OzPeace Network, said while Australia did not use
depleted uranium munitions, the country exported between 2500 and 3000
tonnes of uranium to the United States each year for energy.
“It’s the waste energy products that is used in the manufacture of these
munitions.
“From the very start, before they are even made, Australia and the
Australian government is complicit in the production of these weapons.”
“We’d like our government as a bare minimum to put Australian service
veterans from the first and second Gulf wars, as well as Afghanistan,
through rigorous testing to get a baseline study of exactly what the health
effects are of depleted uranium and other chemical toxins … and treat
them,” Mr Grech said.
“So far our government has been furphying, it’s been releasing reports which
parrot the Pentagon line six to 12 months later, it’s been in a state of
denial.”
Mr Grech said he had not yet had reports of service personnel from the most
recent conflict suffering uranium sickness, but there were a lot of veterans
from the first Gulf war displaying symptoms.
“I think what we are going to see with Australian returned service people
from the Gulf and Afghanistan is 20 years down the track exactly what
happened with agent orange in Vietnam,” Mr Grech said.
******************************
2) Depleted uranium will affect Iraq for generations to come
Wednesday April 15 2003 Al Jazeera
http://english.aljazeera.net/topics/article.asp?cu_no=1&item_no=2565&version
=1&template_id=273&parent_id=258
Our guest is professor Major Doug Rocke, former chief of the Depleted
Uranium Project at the Pentagon.
Prof Rocke says he suffered the effects of depleted uranium from the first
week of the Gulf War in 1991 but did not realise it until March 1995. Tests
showed that he had 5000 times the normal level of radiation in his body,
enough he says sarcastically, to light up a small village. He is also
suffering from problems with breathing, immune system and one eye. He has
had 15 surgical operations to his liver as a result of his infection by this
uranium syndrome.
The Presenter (Ahmed Mansour): Despite research by a large number of
scientists and experts on the enormous damage inflicted by depleted uranium
… and the use by the US in the Gulf War in 1991 , and wars in the Balkans
and Afghanistan in 1994 ,1995 , 1999 and 2000 … The US use of depleted
uranium is not confined to the total destruction of targets but extends to
the destruction of the environment and human life in general in the affected
regions. Such areas will be unfit for habitation for millions of years.
Our guest is professor Major Doug Rocke, former chief of Depleted Uranium
Project at the Pentagon.
Born in Illinois 1949 , professor Doug Rocke joined the US Air Force in 1967
, took part in the Vietnam War from 1969 to 1971 as a B52 pilot. He obtained
his PhD in nuclear physics. He worked until 1996 as a field doctor and
specialist in nuclear physics in the US Army. He took part in the 1991 Gulf
War, tasked with depleted uranium clean up in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.
>From March to June 1991 , Prof Rocke compiled contaminated equipment from
the battlefield and shipped part of it back to the US and supervised the
burial of more equipment in Saudi Arabian deserts. He was appointed head of
the Depleted Uranium Project in the Pentagon between 1 August 1994 and
November 1995 . He also worked as a professor of nuclear physics at Jackson
University – Alabama until 2000 .
Prof Rocke says he suffered the effects of depleted uranium from the first
week of the Gulf War in 1991 but did not realise it until March 1995 . Tests
showed that he had 5000 times the normal level of radiation in his body,
enough he says sarcastically, to light up a small village. He is also
suffering from problems with breathing, immune system and one eye. He has
had 15 surgical operations to his liver as a result of his infection by this
uranium syndrome.
Q: At this very critical time, a lot of people are trying to understand and
know more about the weapons containing depleted uranium which the United
States plans to use… Despite all the studies and research that came up
during the last period and confirmed the risks of using the depleted
uranium, officials at the Pentagon announced that they are going to use
depleted uranium bombs in Iraq again. What is your understanding of this
announcement?
Professor Rocke: The announcement is very simple. Uranium munitions kill and
destroy everything that they contact. Going back to the (1991) Gulf War and
even before, the Pentagon had decided to use weapons that are absolutely
efficient in combat. At the completion of the 1991 Gulf War when I was
specifically assigned to clean up the uranium mess I received a memorandum,
this is a Los Alamos memorandum written by a colonel at Los Alamos national
laboratories in New Mexico. In that memorandum, he said “Even though we know
there are health and environmental effects, you should make sure that we can
always use uranium munitions in combat because they are so effective. And
therefore lie about the health and environmental effects of the use of
uranium munitions in combat.”
Smoke rises over the Iraqi capital Baghdad following further bombing raids
by US-led forces, March 22
The Presenter: Being the former chief of the depleted uranium project in the
Pentagon, what are the risks of using depleted uranium on life and human
beings in general?
Professor Rocke: The first thing that we have to understand is that each
individual uranium round fired by an Abrams tank is ten pounds of solid
uranium contaminated with plutonium, neptunium and americium. On impact, you
have a fine uranium outside dust that is generated. This represents about
one half of the original mass. So if you have 4500 grams, you have about
2300 grams or 2200 grams that turn into a dust on the outside, they can be
inhaled .. and then get into the body. When this happens, you have all kinds
of serious problems both metal poisoning and radiological effects on the
body.
The Presenter: Being one of the victims of depleted uranium, can you
describe the symptoms you felt when you were infected?
Professor Rocke: The most significant effect that we noticed was respiratory
problems. And the respiratory problems acted like you had a really bad case
of bronchitis. Your respiratory system was affected, you couldn’t breathe as
well and you started noticing all kinds of serious apparatus effects with
your breathing system. The other health effect we saw immediately in
ourselves and everybody else was the terrible rash. And the rash that we
suspect and which we still have to this day is from the heavy metal
poisoning that occurs just as if you would have eaten a litre of any other
heavy toxic metal.
The Presenter: Dr. Rocke, What are the most important symptoms of inhaling
depleted uranium?
Professor Rocke: The biggest problem that we had, in addition to the
respiratory problems, is cancer which developed in members of our team
within eight to nine months. Within two years, additional cancers developed
and people started to die. Individuals that we had confirmed had embedded
uranium shrapnel deliberately locked in their bodies by the United States
Department of Defence did develop tumours in and around that embedded
shrapnel. Published research verifies that uranium shrapnel or uranium
embedded in the tissue will cause cancer. That we see in any place that
uranium has been used, manufactured and processed …. in various areas of
the United States.
The Presenter: But Michael Kilpatrick, who was responsible for providing
medical care to the veterans at the Pentagon, said in a press conference
that a study covering 90 infected veterans from the 1991 Gulf War proved
that they were not suffering from any disease, whether it be cancer or
otherwise. What do you say about this?
Professor Rocke: Dr. Kilpatrick lied to the world. It is very simple. First
he stated that 90 individuals were affected ….. I had well over 100
individuals who were affected. I had another 250 individuals who were
absolutely exposed while we were cleaning it up?c?c?c
The Presenter: Why did your colleagues in the Pentagon lie and for the
benefit of whom?
Professor Rocke: The reason that they lie is to avoid any liability for the
deliberate use of uranium munitions not only in Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait,
throughout the Balkans and throughout all the sites in the United States.
Again the purpose of the war is to kill and to destroy. Uranium munitions
are absolutely destructive.
The Presenter: On 3 February 2003 an official from the Veteran’s Association
in Britain said that 560 British soldiers have died since 1991 from Gulf War
Syndrome and that 5000 are under treatment. Do you have any statistics on
the number of wounded American soldiers?
Professor Rocke: Yes, I do. The US Department of Veterans’ Affairs released
a report in September 2002 . In that report they formally acknowledged that
there are over 160000 Gulf War veterans permanently disabled and over 8000
dead from the effects of Gulf War syndrome… It (Iraq) is a toxic
wasteland that is absolutely proven to exist today by additional statistics.
House destroyed from a missile during an air strike in Baghdad
The Presenter: What are the main diseases that can be caused by uranium?
Professor Rocke: The problems that we have are very significant. We have the
respiratory problems, all the eye problems, neurological problems, and
cancers. What we know today is that the American veterans who participated
in the 1991 Gulf War are dying at a rate of over 140 a month here in the
United States alone.
The Presenter: You said that 36% of the veterans who took part in the 1991
Gulf War will die because of cancer and that 160000 are handicapped and 8000
have already died but still the US insists on using uranium. Do you expect
more cases of infection from uranium?
Professor Rocke: Absolutely. We have already seen additional casualties
coming back. Although the war ended in the fall of 1991 , the US continued
to send troops to that region. Today we know, actually verified by the
United States Department of Veteran Affairs that there are now over a
quarter of a million American soldiers who served during the Gulf War and
stayed in the region until May 2002 are now permanently disabled due to
complex exposures. And we also now know that over 10000 are dead and that
the current death rate is over a 140 a month.
The Presenter: What happened to the inhabitants of Kuwait, Iraq and north of
Saudi Arabia as a result of the spread of 400 tonnes of uranium dust?
Professor Rocke: There is no doubt in my mind whatsoever that the health
effects that we have seen in the women, the children and other residents of
that region is absolutely due in part to the uranium contamination that has
been left there. Congressional representatives and scientists, and
independent individuals from all over the world have gone over there and
verified the level of contamination and that contamination has not been
removed as required by US Department of Defence directives.
The Presenter: Professor Harry Shalimer has said that at least 100,000 of
the inhabitants of Basra have been infected with cancer since 1991 . Do you
have any statistics on the number of infections in these regions?
Professor Rocke: I have not been back to Iraq since the 1991 Gulf War, but I
have talked to Dr. Shalimer and other scientists and physicians involved in
this. I have no doubt in my mind that Dr. Shalimer is probably correct. I
know for a fact that he has verified uranium in those individuals residing
in that region and therefore you can make a direct correlation between those
exposures and the health effects that have been documented.
Dr. Shalimer again is one of the world’s experts on this, so we must listen
to him.
The Presenter: Do you have any information about the uranium ammunition that
the US is going to use in its war against Iraq?
Professor Rocke: Absolutely… The uranium munitions that will be used are
again and once more the rounds that will be fired by the Abrams tank. Each
round is over 4500 grams of solid uranium contaminated with plutonium,
neptunium and americium. The A- 10 Warthog aircraft will additionally fire
the 30 ml round, that is, each individual round is 300 grams of solid
uranium. We also know that the Bradley fighting vehicle will fire the 25 ml
round, and each individual round is over 200 grams of solid uranium. In
addition, cruise missiles contain uranium components, and the giant bunker
busters contain uranium components.
The Presenter: A weapons expert, Dai Williams, in one of our programs said
that the ammunition used by the US in the 1991 Gulf War weighed around 5
kilograms, and against Afghanistan they used bombs and ammunition of up
10000 pounds, and it is expected that they are going to use the same
ammunition in Iraq. They even announced that the mother of bombs weighs
10000 tonnes. If the previous Gulf War left around 400 tonnes of uranium
dust, what do you expect will happen to the region this time?
Professor Rocke: What I expect is that we will again see serious health
effects in the American soldiers who go there and use it. We will see health
effects in all the residents of that region. We will see health effects in
the Iraqi soldiers who will be the targets of direct uranium used by US
forces. I must repeat and make this very clear, as the head of the project
to clean up uranium munitions during the 1991 Gulf War, and as the director
of the Depleted Uranium Project for the Department of Defence who did the
research, and as a DU casualty, the use of uranium munitions during warfare
is a crime against God, is a crime against humanity, and should be
considered a war crime. You cannot take solid uranium radioactive waste,
throw it in anybody’s backyard and refuse to provide medical care and
complete the environmental clean-up that is required to sustain the health
and safety of the citizens of the earth.
The Presenter: Do you think depleted uranium is considered a weapon of mass
destruction or a nuclear weapon?
Professor Rocke: The United Nations on 10 September 2001 did rule that
uranium munitions were considered a weapon of mass destruction. The European
Parliament has issued a proclamation that uranium munitions should be banned
from use in the world.
The Presenter: Do you think that using depleted uranium against human beings
in general falls under the category of crimes of war?
Professor Rocke: Absolutely, because in the United States you cannot even
take 500 grams of solid uranium and throw it in anybody’s backyard without
going to jail. Therefore, what right has the United States, England or any
other nation has to take hundreds and hundreds of tons of uranium and throw
them in somebody else’s backyard, refuse them medical care as they have done
now for decades and also refuse to clean up the environment.
The Presenter: Professor Dracovic said that the cleaning of the region needs
$ 200 billion. Is it possible to clean up the region (if this fund is
raised)?
Professor Rocke: The problem that we have, when I actually did the research,
was to determine how to clean up. For each and every vehicle that is struck
by a single uranium munition you have to take that entire vehicle, and
physically remove it. Then you have to clean up all the uranium penetration
that is left around that vehicle. Then you have to take a bulldozer, and go
out to at least 100 metres and scrape down at least 10 centimetres and
remove all of that dirt in order to make that area safe again, that is for
each and every vehicle.
The Presenter: If Baghdad is being struck by such ammunition, how far will
the effects of such uranium impact the surrounding areas of Baghdad?
Professor Rocke: Studies in the United States by one of the former
scientists in this area measuring the uranium contamination from a
production plant in the United States showed that the uranium contamination
has caused adverse health effects within 50 kilometres.
The Presenter: This is around the plant itself, what about the dust and the
wind?
Professor Rocke: The wind carried the uranium dust 50 kilometres away from
the plant and there were sufficient quantities to cause adverse health
effects. We know today that in and around all the production facilities
where they are making uranium munitions there are cancers, kidney problems,
respiratory problems, rations, neurological problems in the residents of
that area.
The Presenter: Some studies say that in the areas affected in the Balkans,
uranium dust travelled more than 1000 kilometres and reached a lot of
European capitals. Do you think that Kuwaitis, Saudis, Iraqis and Jordanians
are safe from the uranium dust that Iraq might be hit with?
Professor Rocke: You have the whole combination of by-products of the war.
When we destroy the infrastructure of Iraq… when we deliberately use
uranium munitions and contaminate the air, water and soil, the entire region
becomes a toxic wasteland. And again the reason that we know that it is a
toxic wasteland today is that since 1991 , the United States has continued
to send American soldiers into the region. Since 1991 , an additional 60000
American veterans have been labelled as permanently disabled from this
exposure and another 3000 have been confirmed dead.
The Presenter: How long can these areas remain contaminated?
Professor Rocke: The contamination will remain in the area unless it is
physically and totally removed, for 4.5 billion years and beyond.
The Presenter: Will these areas remain contaminated for 4.5 billion years?
Professor Rocke: Unless it is physically removed according to the procedures
and processes that I have developed for the US Department of Defence.
The Presenter: Those contaminated areas, are they fit for human life now?
Professor Rocke: They are not. The US Department of Defence, in the common
test training for use of uranium munitions, specifically states that all
American soldiers must wear full respirator and skin protection within 25 to
50 metres of each and every vehicle that is struck by uranium munitions.
The Presenter: Having supervised the burial of some of the waste in 1991 ,
how true is that some of the areas north of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait are no
longer fit for human habitation, and that people should be prevented from
going into these areas?
Professor Rocke: Absolutely. The entire… area near Basra, the
contamination there is absolutely verified. US Congressmen, James McDermott
and his staff went over to Iraq in the fall of last year. They measured the
contamination and verified that it was so great that people should be
prevented from entering that area permanently until all of it is cleaned up.
The Presenter: Also, the region that could be hit by uranium ammunition,
whether Baghdad or other Iraqi cities, would they be contaminated also, and
the contamination there will be for 4.5 billion years again?
Professor Rokke: Absolutely…
The Presenter: Is it possible that Baghdad, Basra and other cities will be
unfit for human life after this war?
Professor Rocke: If you destroy the entire infrastructure ….. and if Iraq
does possess any chemical, biological or radioactive materials and you
destroy them, that would be just like hitting an ice cube with a hammer. All
you do is split it. If you use uranium munitions and you do not clean it up,
the entire area will be a toxic wasteland, that unless all environmental
clean-up is completed will be uninhabitable.
An explosion rocks one of Saddam Hussein’s palaces in Baghdad during air
strikes
The Presenter: This means that there are more than 20 million human beings
in Iraq who are subject to being hit by uranium, and if Iraq will be hit by
uranium munitions it will be unfit for human habitation. Does this mean that
the United States will eliminate a total country from the surface of the
earth?
Professor Rocke: That is an absolute possibility. When you destroy the
infrastructure, you use all the types of munitions and you contaminate air,
water and soil. That is an absolute possibility…
The Presenter: Can simple human beings who are living in Iraq, and who have
nothing to do and are helpless, can they do anything against the United
States, which will not hesitate to use uranium against them?
Professor Rocke: For years, as the individual that cleaned up uranium
munitions in the 1991 Gulf War, and as the director of the Depleted Uranium
Project, I have requested and I have insisted that the United States and
other countries refrain from using uranium munitions in combat. Uranium
munitions must be banned from use on earth and in the universe for eternity.
At the same time, I have requested numerous times that medical care be
provided not only for the fired casualties on my staff, but for thousands
and thousands of individuals who have been exposed. And I have also
requested numerous times that all uranium contamination be cleaned up.
However, those requests have been denied, denied, and denied…..
The Presenter: Since you stayed in the region until 1996 and supervised a
lot of activities and you know the contaminated areas, is it possible to
give us a list of contaminated areas in Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Kuwait…?
Professor Rocke: One of the problems we have is that the United States
Department of Defence has not identified all the areas where uranium
munitions have been used. So therefore, individuals who reside in that area
must look for the … signature of uranium munitions use.
On a destroyed vehicle you will see a clean round hole around the area. You
will also see black dust surrounding the area. Any vehicle or structure that
you see that has this signature you should not approach within 100 metres
unless you are wearing full skin and respiratory protection.
The Presenter: What are the symptoms so that if they appear on the
inhabitants of those areas they can tell they have been exposed?
Professor Rocke: The first symptom that will show up ….. will be the
respiratory problems. It acts like a chronic bronchitis. The second thing
that you will probably see is the rashes.
The Presenter: The infections that showed up in the south of Iraq and the
deformities in the newborn, do you expect these to last for 4.5 billion
years? Is there a possibility that in the future generations more
complications will come up?
Professor Rocke: Absolutely… Again as along as individuals are being
exposed to uranium, we know that the changes in the RNA in DNA, the changes
that occur genetically are causing all of these birth effects. We have seen
those birth effects in American soldiers who were exposed. We are seeing
those birth effects all over the world where uranium exposures have
occurred.
The Presenter: Can the insistence of the United States to use this
ammunition again against human beings and against Iraq be considered a new
war crime?
Professor Rocke: Anybody who uses uranium munitions in war must understand
that it is a crime against God and it is a crime against humanity… Yes, it
is. When you deliberately and wilfully spread radioactive waste, ignore the
health effects and refuse to clean it up, that is a crime against God and a
crime against humanity.
The Presenter: What do you think the size of the disaster that will result
from using hundreds of tonnes of uranium in the war against Iraq? If this is
the picture given for the past 10 years, what will be from the result on the
region of using uranium again?
Professor Rocke: If we have the same exposures and we have extensive use we
can estimate that the number of casualties and the percentage of people in
the area… that is going to be 30 % again. That is the numbers, we cannot
change the statistics. We cannot change the epidemiological effects of all
of the contamination that results from war.